Fig. 23.—the Skull from the Cave of Engis—viewed From The Right Side. 'a' Glabella, 'b' Occipital Protuberance, ('a' to 'b' Glabello-occipital Line), 'c' Auditory Foramen. Fig. 24.—the Engis Skull Viewed from Above (a) and In Front (b). Fig. 25.—the Skull from the Neanderthal Cavern. A. Side, B. Front, and C. Top View. One-third the Natural Size, by Mr. Busk: The Details from the Cast and From Dr. Fuhlrott's Photographs. 'a' Glabella; 'b' Occipital Protuberance; 'd' Lambdoidal Suture. Fig. 26.—drawings from Dr. Fuhlrott's Photographs Of Parts of the Interior Of The Neanderthal Cranium. A. View Of The Under And Inner Surface of the Frontal Region, Showing The Inferior Apertures Of the Frontal Sinuses ('a'). B. Corresponding View of The Occipital Region of the Skull, Showing The Impressions Of The Lateral Sinuses ('a A'). Fig. 27.—side and Front Views of the Round And Orthognathous Skull of a Calmuck, After von Baer. One-third the Natural Size. Fig. 28.—oblong and Prognathous Skull of a Negro; Side And Front Views. One-third of the Natural Size. Fig. 29.—longitudinal and Vertical Sections of The Skulls of a Beaver ('castor Canadensis'), A Lemur ('l. Catia'), and A Baboon ('cynocephalus Papio'), 'a B', the Basicranial Axis; 'b C', The Occipital Plane; 'i T', the Tentorial Plane; 'a D', The Olfactory Plane; 'f E', the Basifacial Axis; 'c B A', Occipital Angle; 't I A', Tentorial Angle; 'd a B', Olfactory Angle; 'e F B', Cranio-facial Angle; 'g H', Extreme Length of the Cavity Which Lodges The Cerebral Hemispheres Or 'cerebral Length.' the Length of The Basicranial Axis As to This Length, Or, in Other Words, the Proportional Length of The Line 'g H' to That Of 'a B' Taken As 100, in the Three Skulls, is As Follows:—beaver 70 To 100; Lemur 119 to 100; Baboon 144 To 100. In an Adult Male Gorilla The Cerebral Length is As 170 to the Basicranial Axis Taken As 100, in The Negro (fig. 30) As 236 to 100. In the Constantinople Skull (fig. 30) As 266 to 100. The Cranial Difference Between The Highest Ape's Skull And the Lowest Man's is Therefore Very Strikingly Brought out by These Measurements. In the Diagram of The Baboon's Skull The Dotted Lines 'd1 D2', Etc., Give the Angles of The Lemur's and Beaver's Skull, As Laid Down Upon the Basicranial Axis of The Baboon. The Line 'a B' Has The Same Length in Each Diagram. Fig. 30.—sections of Orthognathous (light Contour) And Prognathous (dark Contour) Skulls, One-third of the Natural Size. 'a B', Bas ...
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