Memoirs of the
AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY
held at Philadelphia
for Promoting Useful Knowledge
Volume 46
THOMAS J. WERTENBAKER
Edwards Professor Emeritus of American History
Princeton University
THE AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY
INDEPENDENCE SQUARE
PHILADELPHIA
1958
Copyright 1958 by the American Philosophical Society
Library of Congress Catalog
Card Number: 58-9093
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
BY J. H. FURST COMPANY, BALTIMORE, MARYLAND
None of the American colonies "will ever submit to the loss of thosevaluable rights and privileges which are essential to the happiness ofevery free state," George Washington wrote in October, 1774. Perhaps theBritish officer to whom he made this statement was startled to have himspeak of the colonies as free. Yet at the time the American people werethe freest in the world, freer even than the people of England. It wasto defend this freedom, not to gain new rights, that the colonistsrebelled against Great Britain. For decades they had been governingthemselves, so when the British Ministry tried to govern them fromLondon, they would not submit.
To understand what was in the minds and hearts of George Washington,Samuel Adams, Patrick Henry, and the other patriots, it is necessary toknow how the colonies became self-governing. One must follow thepolitical battles and hard-earned victories of their fathers, andgrandfathers, and great-grandfathers in the colonial Assemblies.
This volume treats of the struggle for self-government in Virginia fromthe founding of Jamestown in 1607 to the Declaration of